Pointing to a photograph of a boy, Suresh said, 'He is the son of the only son of my mother.' How is Suresh related to that boy?

Answer: Father. Thinking Process: 'my mother's only son' is Suresh himself. Son of Suresh is the boy. Exam Attack: Break it: My Mother -> Only Son (Myself) -> His Son. Response: I am the Father.

If A is the brother of B; B is the sister of C; and C is the father of D, how A is related to D?

Answer: Uncle. Thinking Process: A and B are siblings of C. C is the father of D. Therefore, A is the brother of D's father. Exam Attack: Father's brother = Uncle (+1 Gen gap).

Introducing a man, a woman said, 'He is the only son of my mother's mother.' How is the woman related to the man?

Answer: Niece. Thinking Process: 'Mother's mother' is grandmother. Her only son is woman's uncle (Mama). So woman is his niece. Exam Attack: Maternal Grandmother's only son = Maternal Uncle (Mama). The woman is the Niece.

A's son B is married to C whose sister D is married to E, the brother of B. How is D related to A?

Answer: Daughter-in-law. Thinking Process: B and E are sons of A. B is married to C. E is married to D. Since D is the wife of A's son E, D is A's daughter-in-law. Exam Attack: Both B and E are sons. D is wife of E. So D is Daughter-in-law (-1 Gen gap).

Pointing to a man, a woman said, 'His mother is the only daughter of my mother.' How is the woman related to the man?

Answer: Mother. Thinking Process: 'Only daughter of my mother' is the woman herself. So, the man's mother is the woman herself. Exam Attack: My mother's only daughter = Me. Man's mother = Me. So I am the Mother.

A is father of C and D is son of B. E is brother of A. If C is sister of D, how is B related to E?

Answer: Sister-in-law. Thinking Process: A is father of C. C is sister of D. D is son of B. Thus A and B are husband and wife. B is female. E is brother of A. Exam Attack: B is wife of A. E is brother of A. So B is E's Sister-in-law (Bhabhi).

If Q is the son of P, X is the daughter of Q, R is the aunt of X and L is the son of R, then what is L to P?

Answer: Grandson. Thinking Process: Q is son of P. X is daughter of Q. R is aunt of X (sister of Q). L is son of R. Exam Attack: P's children are Q and R. L is grandson (R's son). Therefore, L is P's Grandson.

Introducing a man, a woman said 'His wife is the only daughter of my father'. How is that man related to the woman?

Answer: Husband. Thinking Process: 'Only daughter of my father' is the woman herself. She says 'His wife is me'. Exam Attack: My father's only daughter = Me. His wife = Me. So he is My Husband.

P is the father of Q and the grandfather of R, who is the brother of S. S's mother, T, is married to V. T is the sister of Q. How is V related to P?

Answer: Son-in-law. Thinking Process: P's children are Q and T. T is married to V. Thus V is P's daughter's husband. Exam Attack: Daughter's husband = Son-in-law.

A and B are brothers. C and D are sisters. A's son is D's brother. How is B related to C?

Answer: Uncle. Thinking Process: A is the father of D and C (since A's son is D's brother). B is the brother of A. Exam Attack: Father's brother = Uncle.

Examining a lady, a doctor said, 'She is the sister of my mother's brother's only child'. How is the doctor related to the lady?

Answer: Cousin. Thinking Process: 'Mother's brother' is Maternal Uncle (Mama). 'His only child' is Mama's child (Cousin). Sister of Mama's only child is also Mama's child (Cousin). Exam Attack: Maternal Uncle's child = Cousin. End of story.

Looking at a portrait of a man, Harsh said, 'His mother is the wife of my father's son. Brothers and sisters I have none.' At whose portrait was Harsh looking?

Answer: . Thinking Process: 'father's son' with 'no brothers/sisters' means Harsh himself. 'wife of my father's son' means Harsh's wife. Man's mother is Harsh's wife. Exam Attack: My Father's Son (Me) -> My Wife. If His Mother = My Wife, then He = My Son.

A is the brother of B. C is the father of D. E is the mother of B. A and D are brothers. How is B related to C?

Answer: Data Inadequate. Thinking Process: A, B, and D are siblings. C is the father. E is the mother. We know A and D are brothers (male). But the gender of B is not specified. Exam Attack: Without knowing B's gender, we can't label as Son or Daughter.

Showing a photograph to a friend, Shikha says, 'She is the daughter of the only son of my father's wife.' How is Shikha related to the girl in the photograph?

Answer: Aunt. Thinking Process: 'Father's wife' is Shikha's mother. Her only son is Shikha's brother. His daughter is Shikha's niece. So Shikha is her Aunt. Exam Attack: Brother's daughter = Niece. Shikha is the Aunt.

A is father of B. B is brother of C. C is wife of D. How is D related to A?

Answer: Son-in-law. Thinking Process: A is father of B and C. C is married to D. Thus D is the husband of A's daughter. Exam Attack: Daughter's husband = Son-in-law.

If P + Q means P is the husband of Q; P / Q means P is the sister of Q and P * Q means P is the son of Q. How is M related to K in F * K + G / M?

Answer: None of these. Thinking Process: K + G means K is husband of G. G / M means G is sister of M. F * K means F is son of K. Exam Attack: Since G is sister of M, then M is sibling of G. K is husband of G. So M is K's Brother-in-law or Sister-in-law (gender not known).

Pointing towards a person, a man said to a woman, 'His mother is the only daughter of your father.' How is the woman related to that person?

Answer: Mother. Thinking Process: 'Only daughter of your father' (to the woman) is the woman herself. She is the mother of the person. Exam Attack: Your father's only daughter = You. His Mother = You. So You are the Mother.

A is B's sister. C is B's mother. D is C's father. E is D's mother. Then, how is A related to D?

Answer: Granddaughter. Thinking Process: A is daughter of C. C is daughter of D. Therefore A is D's granddaughter. Exam Attack: Two generation gaps down (-2). Daughter's daughter = Granddaughter.

A party consists of grandmother, father, mother, four sons and their wives and one son and two daughters to each son. How many females are there in all?

Answer: 14. Thinking Process: 1 Grandmother + 1 Mother + 4 Wives (of sons) + (4 sons * 2 daughters each = 8 daughters). Exam Attack: Count: 1 + 1 + 4 + 8 = 14.

Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman said, 'He is the only son of the only daughter-in-law of my only son's father.' How is the man related to the woman?

Answer: Grandson. Thinking Process: 'my only son's father' is the woman's husband. 'His only daughter-in-law' is the wife of the woman's only son. 'Her only son' is the grandson of the woman. Exam Attack: Husband's Daughter-in-law = My Daughter-in-law. Her Son = My Grandson.

If 'A + B' means 'A is the father of B', 'A - B' means 'A is the mother of B', 'A * B' means 'A is the brother of B' and 'A % B' means 'A is the sister of B', then how is Q related to S in 'P + Q * R - S'?

Answer: Maternal Uncle. Thinking Process: Q * R means Q is brother of R. R - S means R is mother of S. Thus Q is the brother of S's mother. Exam Attack: Mother's brother = Maternal Uncle (Mama).

In a family, there are six members A, B, C, D, E and F. A and B are a married couple, A being the male member. D is the only son of C, who is the brother of A. E is the sister of D. B is the daughter-in-law of F, whose husband has died. How is E related to C?

Answer: Daughter. Thinking Process: C is the brother of A. D is the son of C. E is the sister of D. Thus E is the daughter of C. Exam Attack: E and D are siblings. D is son of C. So E is daughter of C.

Pointing towards a girl in the picture, Sarita said, 'She is the mother of Neha, whose father is my son.' How is Sarita related to the girl in the picture?

Answer: Mother-in-law. Thinking Process: Sarita's son is Neha's father. Thus the girl (Neha's mother) is the wife of Sarita's son. Exam Attack: Son's wife = Daughter-in-law. So Sarita is the Mother-in-law.

A and B are brothers. C and D are sisters. A's son is D's brother. How is B related to C?

Answer: Uncle. Thinking Process: A is the father of C and D. B is the brother of A. Thus B is the Uncle of C. Exam Attack: Father's brother = Paternal Uncle.

Introducing a man, a woman said, 'He is the only son of my mother's mother.' How is the woman related to the man?

Answer: Niece. Thinking Process: 'Mother's mother' is Grandmother. Her only son is the woman's Maternal Uncle (Mama). Thus the woman is his Niece. Exam Attack: Mama's niece = Sister's daughter.

If A + B means A is the daughter of B; A * B means A is the son of B and A - B means A is the wife of B. If P * Q - S, which of the following is true?

Answer: S is the father of P. Thinking Process: Q - S means Q is wife of S (S is husband). P * Q means P is son of Q. Therefore P is the son of S as well. Exam Attack: Mother's husband = Father. S is the father of P.

Pointing to a man, a woman said, 'His mother is the only daughter of my mother.' How is the woman related to the man?

Answer: Mother. Thinking Process: 'Only daughter of my mother' is the woman herself. She is the mother of the man. Exam Attack: Self-referencing: My mother's only daughter = Me.

If A is the son of Q, Q and Y are sisters, Z is the mother of Y, P is the son of Z, then which of the following statements is correct?

Answer: P is the maternal uncle of A. Thinking Process: Z is the mother of Q, Y and P. Q and Y are sisters and P is the son (brother). A is Q's son. Exam Attack: P is the brother of A's mother (Q). So P is the Maternal Uncle.

M is the father of N who is the son of V. In order to know the relation of M to P, which of the following statements is necessary?

Answer: Both A and C are necessary. Thinking Process: M is father of N, V is mother of N. To link M to P, we need to link V to P or M to P directly. Exam Attack: Statements about P being sibling of V correctly link the families.

Pointing to a photograph, a person tells his friend, 'She is the granddaughter of the elder brother of my father.' How is the girl in the photograph related to this person?

Answer: Niece. Thinking Process: Father's elder brother is Uncle (Tauji). His granddaughter is the person's niece (cousin's daughter). Exam Attack: Generation gap is +2 from the Uncle, meaning -1 from the person. So Niece.

Blood Relations (Family Tree & Coded)

Expert Answer & Key Takeaways

Mastering Blood Relations (Family Tree & Coded) is essential for high-fidelity technical performance and advanced exam competency in 2026.

1. The Visualization Grammar (Symbols)

To solve complex blood relations without mental fatigue, you must use a 'Symbolic Grammar'. This standardizes your family tree.

2. The Generational Ladder (Y-Axis)

A family tree is basically a 'Y-Axis' of time. Mapping generations correctly solves 50% of the problem.

+2 Gen: Grandparents (Dada/Nana).
+1 Gen: Parents, Uncles, Aunts.
0 Gen (Self): You, Brother, Sister, Cousin, Spouse.
-1 Gen: Children, Nephew, Niece.
-2 Gen: Grandchildren.

3. Decoding 'In-Laws' (The Connection)

An 'In-Law' is simply a relationship created by a marriage

[=]

Brother-in-law: Could be Wife's brother OR Sister's husband.
Sister-in-law: Could be Husband's sister OR Brother's wife (Bhabhi).

4. The Backtracking Method (Pointing Questions)

For 'Pointing to a Photograph' questions, always start from the word 'My' and move backwards.

Example:

Q: 'He is the son of the only son of my father.'

Solution: 1. My Father

o

2. His only son (Myself)

o

3. My son.

5. Maternal vs Paternal (Moms vs Dads side)

In Indian exams, this distinction is vital.

Maternal: Relatives from your Mother's side (Mama, Mausi, Nani).
Paternal: Relatives from your Father's side (Chacha, Bua, Dadi).

6. Coded Relations: The Gender Elimination Hack

In equations like

A + B * C

, identifying the target person's gender can eliminate 2-3 options instantly.
Tip: In an equation like

X + Y

, the gender of the Last Person (

Y

) is often unknown unless stated elsewhere.

7. Coded Relations: Generation Gap Counting

Assign values to symbols: Parent/Father (

+1

), Child (

-1

), Brother/Sister (

0

), Spouse (

0

).
If you need 'Grandfather', your equation's net sum must be

+2

8. The 'Thinking Process' Methodology

Don't just draw; Reason.
Step 1: Identify all couples first.
Step 2: Link sibling groups.
Step 3: Overlay the generational lines.
Step 4: Verify against the statement.

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