Match the following Folk Dances with their specific tribes/communities: A. Gair - 1. Kamad B. Terah Taali - 2. Bhil C. Valar - 3. Jasnathi D. Agni - 4. Garasia

Answer: A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3. Gair is performed by Bhils, Terah Taali by Kamad, Valar by Garasia, and Agni by Jasnathi Siddhs.

Assertion (A): The 'Kalbeliya' dance of Rajasthan was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list in 2010. Reason (R): It is characterized by the snake-charming Pungi music and sinuous movements of the dancers.

Answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. The Kalbeliya community's traditional link to snake charming is the artistic core of this UNESCO-recognized dance.

Match the founder/promoter with their specific Folk Drama (Khyal): A. Lachhiram - 1. Shekhawati Khyal B. Nanuram - 2. Kuchamani Khyal C. Bansidhar Bhatt - 3. Turra Kalangi D. Tukangir - 4. Tamasha

Answer: A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3. Lachhiram founded Kuchamani, Nanuram Shekhawati, Bansidhar Bhatt brought Tamasha, and Tukangir started Turra Kalangi.

The 'Gavari' dance-drama of the Bhil tribe is traditionally performed for how many days?

Answer: 40 days. Gavari is the longest dance-drama in Rajasthan, performed for 40 days starting from the day after Raksha Bandhan.

Identify the unique feature of the 'Valar' dance of the Garasia tribe:

Answer: It is performed without any musical accompaniment. Valar is famous because the rhythm is kept solely by footwork and singing without any drums or flutes.

Match the Folk Theater type with the region it is most popular in: A. Rammat - 1. Jaipur B. Turra Kalangi - 2. Mewar/Chittorgarh C. Tamasha - 3. Bikaner/Jaisalmer D. Nautanki - 4. Bharatpur

Answer: A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4. Rammat is popular in Bikaner, Turra Kalangi in Mewar, Tamasha in Jaipur, and Nautanki in Bharatpur.

Consider the following statements about the 'Bhavai' dance: 1. It is a professional dance involving acrobatics and balancing pots. 2. Both men and women can perform it now. 3. The character of 'Vaji' and 'Vaja' are central to its comic interludes.

Answer: All 1, 2, and 3 are correct. Bhavai blends extreme balancing skills with theatrical comedy via stock characters like Vaji/Vaja.

The 'Turra Kalangi' folk theater is unique because of its setup known as:

Answer: Dangal (A poetic competition). Performers of Turra and Kalangi engage in spontaneous poetic debates called 'Dangals' on an elevated stage.

Which folk dance features the 'Fateh Fateh' (Victory) chant as performers walk on fire?

Answer: Agni Dance. The Jasnathi monks walk on live coals in Bikaner while chanting 'Fateh Fateh'.

The 'Kachhi Ghori' dance of Shekhawati is a performance of:

Answer: Mock combat and bravery. Dancers wear dummy hobby horses and enact sword fights symbolizing chivalry.

Match the specific dance step with its associated dance: A. Sawai (8 steps) - 1. Kalbeliya B. Snake-like slithering - 2. Ghoomar C. Fateh Fateh chant - 3. Agni Dance D. 13 body movements - 4. Terah Taali

Answer: A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4. Ghoomar has Sawai steps, Kalbeliya mimics snakes, Agni uses Fateh Fateh, and Terah Taali involves 13 rhythmic moves.

What is the role of 'Raiya' and 'Bhasmasur' in the Gavari dance-drama?

Answer: They represent the dual characters played by the same actor to symbolize Shiva and the demon. Gavari is based on the Shiva-Bhasmasur myth; Rai represents Gauri/Parvati.

In 'Tamasha' of Jaipur, the open arena for performance is called:

Answer: Akhada. Tamasha is unique because it doesn't use a raised stage but an open space surrounded by the audience.

The 'Kood' and 'Loor' dances are traditional performances of which tribe?

Answer: Garasia. Loor is a specific dance performed by women of the Garasia tribe during festivals.

Which folk drama form uses 'Patas' (wooden boxes/platforms) as its stage and is famous in Bikaner?

Answer: Rammat. Rammat is performed on these platforms placed in public squares (Chowks).

Who is the legendary woman performer known for internationalizing Rajasthan's 'Kalbeliya' dance?

Answer: Gulabo Sapera. Gulabo Sapera rose from the Kalbeliya community to win the Padma Shri for her dance.

Matching: Specialty vs Dance A. Dancing on a sword edge - 1. Terah Taali B. Using a dummy horse - 2. Bhavai C. Sitting while dancing - 3. Kachhi Ghori D. Circular stick beating - 4. Gair

Answer: A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4. Bhavai involves edge-dancing, Kachhi Ghori uses dummy horses, Terah Taali is sitting-only, and Gair is a circle dance.

The 'Bam' dance is a high-energy performance from which region of Rajasthan?

Answer: Alwar-Bharatpur. Bam Rasiya is performed with a giant drum (Bam) in the Mevat region during harvest.

In which tribal dance do performers wear wooden masks representing various characters like witches or animals?

Answer: Gavari. Gavari includes many mask-wearing episodes as part of its long ritual narrative.

Who introduced 'Female Roles' to be played by women in the Jaipuri Khyal, breaking the male-only tradition?

Answer: Jaipuri Khyal traditionally allowed women (it's the only exception). Jaipuri Khyal is historically unique as it allowed actresses on stage earlier than other forms.

The term 'Fateh Fateh' in Agni dance literally translates to:

Answer: Victory Victory. It is a cry of spiritual victory over fear and the physical heat of the embers.

Which dance is performed around a 'Neja' (pole) where men try to snatch a coconut while women hit them with sticks?

Answer: Neja. Neja is a vibrant game-dance of the Bhil/Meena tribes usually played on the 3rd day after Holi.

The 'Hathimana' dance, where Bhil men dance with swords on their knees, is performed during:

Answer: Weddings. Hathimana is a ceremonial wedding dance of Bhil men showcasing martial grace.

Which folk drama form of Bharatpur region is heavily influenced by the 'Hathras' style of Uttar Pradesh?

Answer: Nautanki. Nautanki in Eastern Rajasthan shares many linguistic and musical traits with UP's folk theater.

What is 'Dwichakri' dance?

Answer: A Bhil dance performed in two concentric circles (men outside, women inside). Dwichakri literally means 'Two Circles' and is a beautiful tribal synchronized dance.

Who popularized the 'Turra Kalangi' dangles in the Mewar region originally?

Answer: Sahedu Singh and Hamid Beg. They were the key local exponents who brought the Chanderi-origin art to Chittorgarh.

The 'Rammat' writer 'Tej Kavi' presented his work 'Swatantra Bavni' to whom?

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi. Tej Kavi Jaisalmeri was a patriotic writer who dedicated his Rammat collection to Gandhi Ji in 1943.

In 'Ghoomar', the heavy flared skirt worn by women is called?

Answer: Ghuum. The circular rotation (Ghuum) of the skirt gives the dance its name.

Which dance involves high-risk acts like picking up handkerchiefs with eyelids or balancing on the rim of a brass thali?

Answer: Bhavai. Bhavai performers are known for these breathtaking feats of physical control.

Identify the incorrect pair of Folk Drama proponent and their form:

Answer: Fagu Maharaj - Turra Kalangi. Fagu Maharaj is associated with Bikaner's Rammat, not Turra Kalangi.

Assertion (A): The 'Kalbeliya' dance of Rajasthan was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list in 2010. Reason (R): It is characterized by the snake-charming Pungi music and sinuous movements of the dancers.

Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

Identify the unique feature of the 'Valar' dance of the Garasia tribe:

It is performed without any musical accompaniment

It is performed only on glass pieces

It is performed only during solar eclipses

What is the role of 'Raiya' and 'Bhasmasur' in the Gavari dance-drama?

They represent the dual characters played by the same actor to symbolize Shiva and the demon

Who introduced 'Female Roles' to be played by women in the Jaipuri Khyal, breaking the male-only tradition?

Jaipuri Khyal traditionally allowed women (it's the only exception)

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Performing Arts II: Folk Dance & Drama

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Expert Answer & Key Takeaways

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1. Major Folk Dances of Rajasthan

A. The State Dance: Ghoomar

• Known as the 'Soul of Rajasthan's dances'. Traditionally performed by Rajput women. • Key feature: Sawai (a movement of 8 steps).

B. Professional Dances

• Kalbeliya: Inscribed on UNESCO's Intangible Heritage list (2010). Famous artist: Gulabo Sapera. Mimics snake movements. • Terah Taali: Performed by Kamad women for Baba Ramdevji. 13 cymbals (Manjiras) are tied to the body. • Bhavai: Balancing 7-9 brass pots on the head while dancing on swords or glass. Famous: Krishna Vyas Chhangani. • Kachhi Ghori: A martial dance from Shekhawati using dummy horses. • Agni (Fire) Dance: Performed by Jasnathi monks of Bikaner. They walk on live embers shouting 'Fateh Fateh'.

C. Tribal Dances

• Gair (Bhil): Performed in a circle during Holi using sticks. • Valar (Garasia): Often called the 'Ghoomar of Garasias'. Unique as no musical instrument is used. • Neja (Bhil/Meena): A game-dance performed after Holi around a pole with a coconut.

2. Folk Drama (Lok Natya)

• Turra Kalangi: Competitive poetry; Turra (Shiva) vs. Kalangi (Shakti). Performers: Tukangir and Shah Ali. • Kuchamani Khyal: Open-air theater. Founder: Lachhiram. • Shekhawati Khyal: Famous player: Nanuram and his disciple Duliyaran. • Tamasha (Jaipur): Performed in an Akhada. Brought from Maharashtra during Pratap Singh's reign. Artist: Bansidhar Bhatt. • Gavari: 40-day long dance-drama of Bhils based on Shiva-Bhasmasur legend.

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Performing Arts II: Folk Dance & Drama

Expert Answer & Key Takeaways

1. Major Folk Dances of Rajasthan

A. The State Dance: Ghoomar

B. Professional Dances

C. Tribal Dances

2. Folk Drama (Lok Natya)

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