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As the smoke of the 1857 fires cleared, a new kind of battle beganтАФnot with swords, but with petitions and public assemblies. The Prajamandals were the political vehicles of a rising middle class and enlightened citizens, demanding 'Responsible Government' from the princely states. From the schools of Rastapal to the jails of Jodhpur, these movements redefined the relationship between the ruler and the ruled, paving the way for a democratic Rajasthan.
[!IMPORTANT] Unlike the peasant movements which initially focused on economic relief, the Prajamandals were explicitly political, seeking to transfer power from autocratic monarches to the elected representatives of the people.
| Prajamandal | Year | Founder(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jaipur | 1931 | Kapur Chand Patni | First in Rajasthan; reorganized 1936 by Jamnalal Bajaj. |
| Marwar | 1934 | Jai Narayan Vyas | Fought for civil liberties in Jodhpur. |
| Bikaner | 1936 | Magharam Vaidya | Founded in Calcutta due to state suppression. |
| Mewar | 1938 | Manikya Lal Verma | Balwant Singh Mehta was first President. |
| Bharatpur | 1938 | Kishan Lal Joshi | Founded in Rewari (Haryana). |
| Dungarpur | 1944 | Bhogilal Pandya | Known for the Rastapal Incident. |
| Jhalawar | 1946 | Mangilal Bhavya | The last Prajamandal to be established. |
| Incident | Year | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Haripura Session | 1938 | Congress decided to support movements in Princely States. |
| Gentlemen's Agreement | 1942 | Non-participation of Jaipur in Quit India Movement. |
| Azad Morcha | 1942 | Rebel faction from Jaipur led by Baba Harish Chandra. |
| Rastapal Incident | 1947 | Martyrdom of Kali Bai (13-year-old) saving her teacher. |
[!NOTE]
Shahpura was the first state to establish a fully responsible government in 1947.
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